Women on the Rise: Pakistan's Emerging Generation of Leaders

 For generations, the story of women in Pakistan has been dominated by limitations. Deeply ingrained cultural norms and social structures have restricted their opportunities. Access to education, particularly higher education, was limited. Participation in the workforce, especially outside the home, was often discouraged. Leadership roles in any sector, from politics to business, were seen as the exclusive domain of men. This narrative, however, is being rewritten by a new generation of Pakistani women who are breaking free from these traditional constraints. Fueled by increased access to education, the power of technology, and a growing awareness of their rights, these women are rising to positions of leadership across diverse fields, shattering stereotypes and paving the way for a more equitable future.

These women are entrepreneurs, politicians, activists, artists, and innovators. They are doctors, engineers, scientists, and athletes. They are defying expectations and proving that Pakistani women are a force to be reckoned with.

Breaking Barriers, Building Bridges

Pakistan's history is steeped in patriarchal traditions, where societal power structures have long placed men at the helm. This has manifested in limited access to education for girls, a strong emphasis on domestic roles for women, and a general exclusion from positions of leadership. Legal frameworks have often reinforced these norms, creating a system that restricts women's social and economic mobility. However, a powerful shift is underway. A new generation of Pakistani women, armed with knowledge, ambition, and a growing awareness of their rights, is challenging these limitations and forging their own paths to success in various fields. However, social media and access to education are empowering young women with knowledge and a platform to advocate for change.

Malala Yousafzai is a prime example of the rising generation of Pakistani women leaders. Gaining global recognition for her fearless advocacy for girls' education, Malala's story is one of immense courage and resilience. While still a child, she spoke out against the Taliban's ban on girls' education in her hometown of Swat Valley, Pakistan. This defiance resulted in a horrific attack, where she was shot by the Taliban for daring to attend school.

Miraculously surviving, Malala emerged as a powerful symbol of the fight for education, especially for girls. She continued her activism on a global platform, becoming the youngest Nobel Peace Prize laureate at the age of 17 [https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2014/yousafzai/facts/]. Through her Malala Fund [https://malala.org/], Malala advocates for girls' education around the world, ensuring every girl has the opportunity to learn and reach her full potential. Her story exemplifies the determination and unwavering commitment that characterizes this new generation of Pakistani women leaders.

Leading in Business and Innovation

Pakistani women are increasingly making their mark in the business world. Entrepreneurs like Jehan Ara, founder of Pakistan's leading fashion house, Khaadi https://www.khaadi.com/, and Dr. Sharmeen Mazari, CEO of Fatimid Fertility Clinic, https://fatimid.org/ are paving the way for a new generation of female business leaders.

Technology is another area where Pakistani women are excelling. Samaira Shah, a software engineer, co-founded https://womenintechpk.com/, a non-profit organization promoting STEM education for girls. These initiatives are crucial in bridging the digital gender gap and empowering women in the tech sector.

Political Participation: A Growing Voice

While Pakistan's political landscape has traditionally been dominated by men, women's voices are becoming increasingly prominent. In the 2018 general election, a record number of women were elected to parliament, demonstrating a growing demand for female representation https://www.dawn.com/news/1790342.

Leaders like Marriyam Aurangzeb, Pakistan's Minister of Information and Broadcasting, and Shireen Mazari, the former Minister for Human Rights, are using their positions to advocate for women's rights and social justice issues.Leading the charge in Pakistani politics is Maryam Nawaz Sharif, the current Chief Minister of Punjab https://cm.punjab.gov.pk/. Maryam's rise to this prominent position in February 2024 marks a significant milestone. She is the daughter of former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and the first woman to hold the office of Chief Minister in Punjab, the most populous province in Pakistan.

Agents of Change: Shaping a Brighter Future

Beyond traditional leadership roles, Pakistani women are leading social change movements. Women like Gulalai Ismail, founder of Aware Girls, are fighting against child marriage and honor killings https://www.awaregirls.org/who-we-are/. Environmental activists like Hajra Khan are working on climate change initiatives to protect Pakistan's fragile ecosystems https://www.unep.org/explore-topics/chemicals-waste/what-we-do/special-programme/special-programme-projects-database-34

Standing Up for Justice: The Case of Sheher Bano

Law enforcement is another arena where Pakistani women are making a difference. In 2023, Assistant Superintendent of Police Sheher Bano became a national hero for her bravery [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dLfAvZ95M00]. When a mob attacked a woman in Lahore, mistaking colorful Arabic calligraphy on her clothing for Quranic verses, Sheher Bano intervened, putting herself at risk to rescue the woman. This act of courage highlighted the growing role of women in upholding the law and promoting social justice in Pakistan.

These women are catalysts for positive change, ensuring that women's voices are heard and their concerns addressed in critical social issues.

Challenges Remain: The Road Ahead

Despite the progress, Pakistani women still face challenges. Discriminatory laws, limited access to education, and societal biases continue to hamper their full potential.

What Can Be Done?

·         Policy Reform: Enacting legislation that promotes gender equality and protects women's rights is crucial.

·         Education and Awareness: Investing in education for girls and promoting awareness campaigns to challenge gender stereotypes are essential.

·         Mentorship and Support: Providing mentorship programs and support networks can empower aspiring female leaders.

·         Celebrating Success Stories: Highlighting the achievements of Pakistani women can inspire future generations.

Conclusion: A Brighter Future for All

The rise of women leaders in Pakistan is a testament to their determination and resilience. Their journey towards leadership is not just about individual success; it's about paving the way for a more equitable and prosperous future for all of Pakistan.

"Empowering women isn't just the right thing to do—it's the smart thing to do." - Barack Obama

By dismantling barriers and fostering a culture of inclusion, Pakistan can unlock the full potential of its women and ensure a brighter future for generations to come.

Let's continue the conversation!

1. ·         Who are some other inspiring Pakistani women leaders you admire?
2. ·         What are some initiatives that can further empower women in Pakistan?
3. ·     How can we create a more inclusive environment for women to thrive?

Share your thoughts in the comments below. Together, let's celebrate the achievements of Pakistan's remarkable women and work towards a future where they can reach their full potential.

 Writer: RIMSHA IJAZ (student of International Relations at University of Central Punjab)

Humanity First

Every Person want to have a different identity from others in this world. There is only one thing which make a person different. But, like grabby human nature and mind, his attentions goes to worldly wealth and luxuries. This put such a veil on his mind that he fully agree with the social dilemma that the more wealth I

accumulate, the more I will have a distinct identity from others in society.

He forgets that there are millions of people in the world who have a lot of money and wealth but still they can't get a place that a poor Abdul Sattar Edhi got.

What is it that a poor old man Edhi has and the whole world looks up to him with respected eyes but what is it that the richest man in the world does not have and people know him only because of his money. It is kindness and service for Humanity.

And what is more, Humanitarian awards like "Ramon Magsaysay Award for Public Service" and Seoul Peace Prize" awards can't be buy with money but with the volunteer service for the humanity.

People look at this person with respect and dignity and make him a living legend forever who thinks about human beings and works for humanity. On the other hand, the person who is the richest man in the world, because his selfish thinking is limited to increasing his wealth, people only look at him with the eyes of the richest man and forget him after his death.

To work for humanity is actually to give time for volunteer works in today's dense and busy life. People who work day and night to face the bitterness of life ignore the fact that they have the rights of the people. How can we differentiate ourselves from others and gain a prominent place in society today?

For this, we must participate fully in the welfare work to help humanity. Talk about the young generation, the responsibility of the society falls on their shoulders. Young people should participate in welfare work along with their education. If a young person has management skills, he or she must bring people together on a platform through a foundation to carry out regular charitable work for the benefit of humanity in the form of a foundation or organization. And everyone can contribute for the betterment of the society.

It is only through this generous spirit of humanity, we can create peace in the world when everyone thinks of each other. My message to the world please put "HUMANITY FIRST"

By Faizan Azam

"Haiti Crisis: UN Security Council Approves Foreign Troop Deployment"

Haiti, a nation plagued by political turmoil, gang violence, and a growing humanitarian crisis, has recently received a glimmer of hope. In response to urgent appeals from Haitian Prime Minister Ariel Henry, the United Nations Security Council has taken a significant step by authorizing the deployment of an international armed force to assist in addressing the country's myriad challenges. This pivotal decision marks a crucial development in the ongoing efforts to stabilize Haiti and provides an opportunity to explore the context, implications, and potential outcomes of this foreign troop deployment.

United Nations Security Council has given the green light for the deployment of an armed multinational force to Haiti in response to the nation's severe challenges, including widespread gang violence and political instability. This decision comes after repeated pleas for military assistance from Haitian Prime Minister Ariel Henry, with support from United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres and strong backing from the United States. Thirteen members of the council voted in favor of the resolution, while Russia and China abstained. While authorized by the influential UN Security Council, the multinational force will not be formally under UN control. It is expected to be led by Kenya, which has pledged 1000 police personnel to spearhead the mission. Additionally, several of Haiti's Caribbean neighbors, including Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, and Jamaica, have offered their support. The force will operate in Haiti under a 12-month mandate, though the precise timing of its deployment remains undecided, and more nations have been invited to participate. Haitian Prime Minister Henry's advisor, Jean-Junior Joseph, welcomed the vote, stating, "We eagerly anticipate the mission to address the pervasive insecurity." In Port-au-Prince, the capital and main port of Haiti, warring gangs exert control, disrupting crucial supply routes to the rest of the nation. These gangs have instilled fear among the urban population, resulting in approximately 200,000 people fleeing their homes amid a wave of indiscriminate violence, kidnappings, arson, and sexual assaults. Addressing the United Nations General Assembly on September 22, Prime Minister Henry stressed the urgency of the Security Council's approval for a military mission to restore order in Haiti. He pointed out that violence has exacerbated the country's overall instability, with inflation soaring above 50%, leaving nearly 4.9 million Haitians struggling to access food—a grim milestone for the nation. In a statement on the same day, U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken urged the international community to support the mission and provide assistance, including personnel. The United States is prepared to offer substantial financial and logistical support and is planning to work with Congress to allocate $100 million for this effort. The mission aims to bolster local security forces and reinforce the Haitian National Police in their efforts to combat the gangs. While Haiti's security forces already receive some international assistance, they remain understaffed and ill-equipped. Critics of the mission have raised concerns about past scandals associated with UN peacekeeping missions in Haiti, including allegations of sexual abuse and the introduction of a deadly cholera epidemic that claimed nearly 10,000 lives. Moreover, some Haitians question the legitimacy of Prime Minister Henry's mandate, as he assumed leadership of the country following the assassination of President Jovenes Moise in 2021. Henry has argued that Haiti cannot hold long-delayed elections until a minimum level of security is restored.

Conclusion 

The United Nations Security Council's approval for the deployment of an international armed force to Haiti represents a crucial step toward addressing the nation's complex and dire challenges. The decision, backed by the pleas of Haitian Prime Minister Ariel Henry and supported by UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres and the United States, underscores the gravity of the situation in Haiti. While this multinational force has received the green light from the UN Security Council, it will not operate under formal UN control. Instead, Kenya is set to lead the mission, with support from several Caribbean nations, including Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, and Jamaica. Haiti's urgent need for assistance is evident in the widespread gang violence that has paralyzed Port-au-Prince, crippling vital supply routes and instilling fear among the population. The resulting mass displacement, with around 200,000 people fleeing their homes amid a wave of violence, underscores the urgency of the situation. Prime Minister Henry's appeal to the United Nations General Assembly highlighted the critical need for a military mission to restore order in Haiti. Rising inflation, exceeding 50%, and the struggle of nearly 4.9 million Haitians to access basic necessities like food emphasize the pressing nature of the crisis. The international response, particularly from the United States, has been robust, with a commitment to substantial financial and logistical support. The U.S. government is actively working to allocate $100 million to the mission. The primary objective of the multinational force is to reinforce local security forces, including the Haitian National Police, in their fight against the criminal gangs. Despite existing international support, these forces remain under-resourced and ill-equipped. However, this mission is not without its critics, who cite past scandals associated with UN peacekeeping missions in Haiti, including allegations of sexual abuse and the introduction of a deadly cholera epidemic. Additionally, some Haitians question the legitimacy of Prime Minister Henry's leadership, given the circumstances under which he assumed office following the assassination of President Jovenel Moise. As the multinational force prepares for deployment, the world watches with hope that it will bring much-needed relief to the people of Haiti and contribute to lasting stability. The road ahead will require careful planning, coordination, and addressing the root causes of Haiti's challenges to ensure a brighter, more secure future for this embattled nation.

"Climate Change and High-Value Real Estate: A Growing Threat to Luxury Locations"

Redhill Peninsula, an affluent enclave in Hong Kong renowned for its serenity, has found itself in the throes of a climate change-induced crisis. The deluge of extreme rainfall experienced on September 8, 2023, laid bare the vulnerability of high-end real estate in this region. This event underscores how climate change is forcing a reevaluation of construction safety norms, even for the most affluent homeowners. 

Extreme Rainfall Shakes the Peninsula The unprecedented downpour, attributed to climate change, wrought havoc in Hong Kong, leading to loss of life, injuries, and widespread flooding. Along the cliffside of the Redhill Peninsula, erosion threatened the stability of millionaire residences, necessitating evacuation. Investigations into potential building code violations have prompted concerns about unequal enforcement of regulations. Redhill Peninsula: A Luxurious Haven  The Redhill Peninsula is akin to the opulent coastal areas of Malibu in Los Angeles. These properties boast Mediterranean-style architecture and offer breathtaking vistas of the sea, commanding prices ranging from $10 million to $20 million. Beyond the physical splendor, the area's allure resides in its tight-knit community, access to international schools, and picturesque surroundings. Impact on Property Prices. The aftermath of the recent storm has left the real estate market in a state of uncertainty. Luxury property values may be impacted, leading potential sellers to exercise caution. The situation is delicate, with property owners expressing apprehension about the future market. Changing Weather Patterns and Climate Chang Hong Kong has witnessed successive typhoons and erratic weather patterns, all exacerbated by the effects of climate change. Scientists anticipate more frequent occurrences of extreme weather events due to these changes. Consequently, architects and civil engineers are urging the city to reassess construction standards for hillside structures. Safety Concerns and Building Regulations: Historical landslides in Hong Kong prompted the implementation of safety measures, rendering the city resilient against landslides and floods. Nevertheless, experts argue that the existing standards may no longer be adequate to confront extreme weather events. The use of shallow footings in low-rise residences could pose significant risks during periods of heavy rainfall. illegal Alterations and Building Code Violation. 

Authorities suspect that illegal modifications in some Redhill properties might have exacerbated the disaster. Hong Kong has faced previous controversies involving wealthy individuals and politicians who made unauthorized changes to their properties, often in violation of building codes. In response, the government has pledged to investigate and prosecute code violators to ensure safety. The Need for Updated Standards As climate change continues to intensify, the demand for revised safety standards is growing. Retaining walls and drainage systems must be adapted to cope with the increasing frequency of heavy rainfall. These concerns extend beyond the confines of the Redhill Peninsula, encompassing numerous properties suspected of violating regulations on public land.

Conclusion

The Redhill Peninsula incident serves as a stark reminder that even the most affluent individuals are not immune to the far-reaching impacts of climate change. It underscores the urgency of reevaluating construction standards and ensuring the rigorous enforcement of regulations to safeguard public safety in the face of a dynamically changing climate.

"Exploring the Negotiations Behind Modifications in the G20's Statement on Ukraine"

After extensive negotiations lasting hundreds of hours and involving over a dozen drafts, leaders from the world's wealthiest nations were faced with a challenging decision late on Friday evening: either accept a diluted statement regarding Ukraine in the final G20 declaration or have no declaration at all. With time running out, the leaders opted for the former, aiming to prevent open divisions within their group, which could harm the G20's credibility and embarrass the summit's host, Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

As a result, the group settled for a statement that refrained from explicitly condemning Russia's invasion of Ukraine, instead focusing on commitments from the 20 member states to uphold territorial integrity and pursue peace. Several diplomats who were part of the negotiations described a painstaking process that resulted in a document that, despite receiving public support from the White House, left many supporters of Ukraine deeply dissatisfied. Ukraine itself expressed disappointment, calling the document "nothing to be proud of." The discussions spanned over 200 hours of meetings and underwent 15 different drafts, as revealed by the Indian government official responsible for guiding the talks. Throughout the negotiations, representatives from Russia and China consistently sought to remove stronger language regarding Moscow's invasion, while diplomats said the focus was on a paragraph in last year's G20 declaration, adopted in Bali, which condemned Russian "aggression" in Ukraine. Representatives from some developing nations within the G20, many of whom have ties to Moscow, also expressed reservations about including such language in this year's statement. This led to prolonged negotiations on how to characterize the conflict. The diplomats involved stated that the discussions on Ukraine proved to be the most intricate part of the negotiations, with several draft versions of the statement not mentioning the conflict at all. In the days leading up to the summit, it became evident that any statement agreed upon by the leaders would fall short of last year's declaration. Just before midnight on Friday, diplomats involved realized that the compromise language was the only viable option, apart from not issuing a statement at all. One European official participating in the talks remarked, "This is not the statement the G7 or NATO would have drafted. This is a different kind of statement, and expectations should be adjusted accordingly."

Even French President Emmanuel Macron seemed to acknowledge that the statement was not entirely satisfactory, suggesting that the G20 was more suited for discussions on the economy and climate change. White House officials were quick to laud the document as "significant" and "unprecedented." They also pointed out that, despite the absence of explicit mention of Russia's invasion, the statement persuaded nations like Brazil and South Africa – which had not taken sides in the war – to agree to uphold territorial integrity and cease attacks on infrastructure. President Biden himself stated that the final declaration did not represent a "divide" with the global south but instead reflected Russia's stubbornness. He made this statement during a news conference. Behind the scenes, officials were keenly aware of the significance of this year's G20 in elevating Prime Minister Modi as a global statesman. Ending the summit without a statement would have been a major letdown, as no G20 summit in the past 15 years had concluded without one. The U.S. and Europe have sought to cultivate Modi as a partner and enhance his standing on the world stage, making it more challenging to accept the prospect of blocking a final joint statement, according to officials.

Conclusion:

The G20's negotiations surrounding the Ukraine issue were arduous and ultimately resulted in a statement that fell short of explicitly condemning Russia's invasion. While some nations expressed disappointment, the compromise was seen as a necessary step to maintain unity within the group and to avoid undermining the host nation's global standing. The statement, although not ideal for all parties, was praised by some as a significant achievement that managed to garner support from a diverse set of nations.

"Diplomatic Strain: French Ambassador's Hasty Return Amid Niger's Escalating Tensions"

 In recent developments, Sylvain Itte, the French ambassador to Niger, has returned to Paris, as announced by the French Foreign Ministry on this Wednesday.

"The President of the Republic made the decision on Sunday, leading to our ambassador's return to Paris," stated the ministry.

Acknowledging the challenging circumstances faced by the French diplomatic team in Niger, French Foreign Minister Catherine Colonna received Ambassador Itte in Paris to express gratitude for their dedicated service.

This decision to recall Ambassador Itte, along with several other diplomats, was initiated by French President Emmanuel Macron on this week . Despite the junta's assumption of power, envoy Itte remained at his post, following the French gov directives, as French authorities refused to recognize the junta's authority.

Earlier this month, President Macron revealed that the French embassy in Niamey, Niger's capital, was facing severe restrictions, describing the situation as the ambassador being "literally held hostage" and food supplies being blocked.

Since the coup that took place, relations between France and Niger have deteriorated significantly. Ambassador Itte's departure from Niger coincides with another French decision to withdraw its military presence from the West African nation by the year's end.

Niger hosts approximately 1,500 French troops, many of whom are actively engaged in supporting counterterrorism efforts in the region. This evolving situation signals a significant shift in the dynamics between the two nations.

In conclusion,     

the return of French Ambassador Sylvain Itte to Paris amidst escalating tensions in Niger highlights the strained relations between the two nations following a recent coup in the West African country. President Emmanuel Macron's decision to bring back Ambassador Itte and other diplomats underscores the seriousness of the situation. France's refusal to recognize the junta's authority and the challenges faced by the French embassy in Niamey, where food supplies were blocked, further exemplify the deteriorating diplomatic ties. Additionally, France's decision to withdraw its military presence from Niger by the end of the year, including around 1,500 troops engaged in counterterrorism missions, marks a significant shift in the dynamics between the two nations. As this diplomatic crisis unfolds, it underscores the complexity of international relations and the delicate balance that must be maintained, especially in regions with security challenges. The situation in Niger continues to evolve, and it remains to be seen how both countries will navigate these challenging waters in the days and months ahead.

"The Impact of Climate Change on Canadian Ecosystems and Biodiversity"

Climate change is an urgent global crisis, and its effects are felt far and wide. In Canada, a country known for its stunning natural landscapes and rich biodiversity, the impact of climate change is becoming increasingly apparent. This blog explores how climate change is affecting Canadian ecosystems and biodiversity and why this matters not only for Canada but for the world.

Understanding Canadian Biodiversity

Canada boasts a diverse range of ecosystems, from its boreal forests and tundra in the north to its temperate rainforests and grasslands in the south. Its vast landscapes are home to countless species of plants and animals, many of which are uniquely adapted to the country's various climates.

The Threat to Canadian Ecosystems

One of the most pressing threats posed by climate change is the alteration of these ecosystems. Rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and more frequent extreme weather events are disrupting the delicate balance of Canada's natural environments. For example:

1. Loss of Arctic Ice: In the Arctic, where temperatures are rising at twice the global average, the loss of sea ice threatens species like polar bears, seals, and walruses that rely on it for hunting and resting.

2. Forestry and Wildlife: In Canada's vast forests, increasing temperatures are leading to more frequent and severe wildfires. These not only threaten human communities but also disrupt forest ecosystems and their inhabitants.

3. Marine Life: Warming oceans are affecting Canada's marine biodiversity. Changes in water temperature and acidity impact fish populations, which can have ripple effects throughout the food chain.

4. Species Migration: Some species are already on the move in response to changing conditions. This can lead to conflicts as animals encroach on human habitats or disrupt established ecosystems.

The Importance of Biodiversity

Biodiversity is not just a matter of ecological interest; it also has significant economic and cultural value. Canada relies on its natural resources, from forestry and fisheries to tourism. Moreover, Indigenous communities have deep connections to the land and its biodiversity, relying on it for sustenance, culture, and spirituality.

Mitigation and Adaptation Efforts

Canada is taking steps to mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and transitioning to cleaner energy sources. However, these efforts must go hand-in-hand with adaptation strategies. This includes protecting and restoring ecosystems, implementing sustainable land management practices, and supporting Indigenous-led conservation efforts.

A Global Issue

The effects of climate change on Canada's ecosystems and biodiversity are not confined to its borders. Changes in the Arctic, for instance, can impact global climate patterns. Moreover, the loss of unique Canadian species and ecosystems diminishes global biodiversity, which can have far-reaching consequences.

Conclusion

The impact of climate change on Canadian ecosystems and biodiversity is a critical issue that deserves our attention and action. Canada's vast and varied landscapes are not only a national treasure but also part of the global natural heritage. Protecting and preserving these ecosystems is not just a matter of national interest but a responsibility shared by all. By understanding and addressing the challenges climate change poses to Canada's biodiversity, we can contribute to a more sustainable and resilient planet for future generations.

Exploring Iran's Nuclear Policy: Defending Uranium Enrichment in a Complex Geopolitical Landscape"

Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi has defended his country's enrichment of uranium to near weapons-grade levels, citing it as a response to European states not upholding their end of the 2015 nuclear agreement. At the outset, we did not seek enrichment levels of 60%. They (European states) violated their commitments," Raisi said during an interview on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly this week.

"The actions of the Islamic Republic of Iran were in reaction to the breach of commitments by the signatories to the 2015 agreement."

Iran announced its uranium enrichment to 60% following an attack on its above-ground nuclear facility in Natanz, which was attributed to another nation. This move raised concerns in the West as it reduced Iran's "breakout time" to create a nuclear weapon, which necessitates uranium enriched beyond 90%. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the UN's nuclear watchdog, reported that Iran was the only non-nuclear-armed nation enriching uranium to 60% purity, and in March, uranium particles enriched to 84% were found at Iran's Fordow plant. Despite slower growth, a confidential IAEA report this month indicated that Iran's stock of uranium enriched to up to 60% purity continued to expand.

Nuclear power, Iran's stated purpose for its nuclear program, typically requires uranium enrichment levels between 3% and 5%. There is also concern that unchecked Iranian nuclear activities could lead to further nuclear proliferation in the Middle East, as indicated by Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, who mentioned the possibility of acquiring nuclear weapons if Iran does. Raisi rejected allegations that Iran's increased enrichment was aimed at building a nuclear bomb, asserting that it was a response to Europe's failure to honor its commitments. He reiterated Iran's long-standing position that it has no intention of pursuing a nuclear bomb. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), the 2015 agreement to limit Iran's nuclear program, was signed by Iran and world powers, including the United States and the European Union. The agreement restricted Iranian uranium enrichment to 3.67% in exchange for sanctions relief. The US withdrew from the JCPOA in 2018 under the Trump administration and imposed a series of sanctions targeting Iran's economy. Since 2021, the JCPOA signatories have attempted to restart negotiations between Washington and Tehran, but they have yet to reach an agreement. Iran has argued that, in addition to the US withdrawal, other JCPOA signatories have not fulfilled their obligations, continuing to impose sanctions on Iran. Raisi stated that if European countries were to fulfill their commitments at any point, Iran would also fully adhere to its commitments.

Iran has recently expressed frustration with increasing Western sanctions and the refusal of the UK, France, and Germany (the E3) to lift certain sanctions on individuals and entities involved in Iran's missile, nuclear, and other weapons programs, which were supposed to be lifted under the 2015 nuclear agreement. The E3 announced that they would not lift sanctions on Iran's missile programs as scheduled but would instead incorporate them into domestic laws in response to Iran's non-compliance with the JCPOA. This decision was deemed "illegal" by Iran's foreign ministry, and Iran barred several UN inspectors from conducting verification activities on its nuclear program this month. The IAEA reported that Tehran had removed designations of inspectors from France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, the countries Iran accused of not honoring their commitments under the 2015 deal, as well as the US. Raisi clarified that Iran's intention was not to prevent the IAEA from conducting inspections but rather to raise concerns about inspectors from these three countries. He added that their trust was under doubt. In a joint statement, the three European countries and the US called on Iran to immediately reverse its decision and cooperate fully with the IAEA. The credibility of European JCPOA signatories has eroded in the eyes of Iran, according to Ali Vaez, Iran Project Director at the International Crisis Group think tank. The Iranians view them as having made lofty promises that were not fulfilled. In recent developments, Iran and the US reached an understanding that led to a reduction in Iran's nuclear program. Europe played no role in this outcome.

In a sign of diplomatic progress, Iran released five American detainees in a Qatar-mediated deal this week, which also involved the unfreezing of approximately $6 billion in Iranian assets and the release of five Iranian detainees in the US. This arrangement demonstrated a method of informal agreements between Washington and Tehran, with smaller concessions exchanged instead of a broader, formal agreement.